News of Note

  • New copyright law likely to strengthen protection for fanworks and remix culture in Brazil

    By .Helka Lantto on Sunday, 28 November 2010 - 8:39pm
    Message type:
    Tags:

    Written by Tanaqui

    (Please note that many of the links lead to web pages in Brazilian Portuguese.)

    A revised copyright law to be put before Brazil's National Congress in the next few months will, if passed in its current form, provide more explicit protection from action by copyright holders for transformative works. The law should also make it legal for fans to break Digital Rights Management (DRM) locks if they are using the DRM-protected content in transformative ways.

    Brazil already implicitly takes a more generous approach to "fair dealing" in its copyright regime than many countries. It allows use of short extracts of a work in any context (not just for for education or critique purposes) that does not jeopardise normal commercial exploitation of the work. Item VIII of Article 46 of the draft law aims to express this exemption for "transformative uses" of parts of a work more clearly. In addition, a general clause in Article 46, designed in part to futureproof the law against new technological developments, allows for copyright material to be used as a "creative resource" ("uso como recurso criativo").

    Article 107 of the current draft of the law also makes it legal to break DRM locks when they would prevent use of the DRM-protected work in one of the ways laid out in Article 46. In other words, the law appears to allow for DRM to be broken for transformative uses such as creation of fanvids. This is consistent with the Brazilian courts' existing practice of levying heavy penalties on rights holders who take measures to prevent "fair dealing" or "fair use".

    The law will replace legislation passed in 1998 and is designed to address the impact of developments in technology since the 1990s and worded so that the courts can apply it to future technologies not specifically covered in its articles. In contrast to the secrecy that has surrounded negotiations over the proposed international Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement (ACTA), the text of the draft law was compiled after a period of public consultation lasting several months.

  • 2010 DIY: Vidding Part II

    By .fcoppa on Sunday, 28 November 2010 - 7:45pm
    Message type:
    Tags:

    Part Two of the fan vidding segment of the 2010 DIY show is now available at Henry Jenkins' blog.

  • DIY Media 2010: Fan Vids

    By .fcoppa on Wednesday, 24 November 2010 - 7:01pm
    Message type:
    Tags:

    Oh and P.S. - Part One of the fan vidding segment of the 2010 DIY show is now available at Henry Jenkins' blog.

  • Links Roundup for November 24, 2010

    By .fcoppa on Wednesday, 24 November 2010 - 4:42pm
    Message type:

    * Board member Rebecca Tushnet has posted notes from a presentation she gave on vidding at Notre Dame's Creativity and the Law Symposium, Scary Monsters: Hybrids, Mashups, and Other Illegitimate Children.

    * TWC editor Kristina Busse has posted Affective Aesthetics to the Symposium Blog, a piece that argues that fan works are still discriminated against because they engage the emotions as well as the critical facility.

    * The New York Times is soliciting Harry Potter fanfic from students; What Would Your Favorite Literary Characters Be Like If Their Stories Never Ended?

    * Moby has founded Moby Gratis, a site which makes music available for free to makers of independent, student, and non-profit films or videos.

    * Dan Pankraz's Generation C: The Connected Collective Consumer sounds an awful lot like fandom.

    We want your suggestions! If you know of an essay, video, article, event, or link you think we should know about you can submit it in three easy ways: comment on the most recent Link Roundup on LJ, IJ or DW, tag a link with "for:otw_news" on Delicious or give @OTW_News a shoutout on Twitter. Links are welcome in all languages!

    Submitting a link doesn't guarantee that it will be included in a roundup post, and inclusion of a link doesn't mean that it is endorsed by the OTW.

  • Jonathan McIntosh Talks About Fan Vidding

    By .fcoppa on Friday, 19 November 2010 - 6:00pm
    Message type:
    Tags:

    Political remix artist Jonathan McIntosh, in an interview with Henry Jenkins done as part of an exhibition of DIY video currently ongoing at Henry's blog, discusses what he's learned from fan vidders and how its affected his political remix work.

    (Vidding will be featured next week, so stay tuned.)

  • UK to Consider Adopting U.S.-Style ‘Fair Use’

    By .fcoppa on Tuesday, 9 November 2010 - 3:05pm
    Message type:
    Tags:

    British Prime Minister David Cameron has announced a review of the UK's intellectual property laws with an eye to adopting U.S. style fair use.

    In a speech given on November 4, 2010, Cameron said, "Over there [in the U.S.], they have what are called ‘fair-use’ provisions, which some people believe gives companies more breathing space to create new products and services. So I can announce today that we are reviewing our IP laws, to see if we can make them fit for the internet age. I want to encourage the sort of creative innovation that exists in America."

    Currently, as Ars Technica notes, UK intellectual property law can be quite restrictive: "there's no exception for "parody," for instance, or for ripping CDs to computers."

    While the move is being considered to spur business development - in particular, a new "Silicon Valley" in East London - the adoption of fair use would be of obvious benefit to all forms of creative speech and innovation, including fanworks and remixes.

  • Links Roundup for November 5, 2010

    By .fcoppa on Friday, 5 November 2010 - 4:25pm
    Message type:
    Tags:

    * Our top story: Mercedes Lackey's pep talk for writers doing NaNoWriMo, or National Novel Writing Month, encourages them to try their hand at fan fiction. While Lackey mistakenly believes that publishing fanfiction is plagiarism (whatever your thoughts about the legality of publishing fanfiction, "plagiarism" isn't right word), she also notes that a project that starts out fanfiction (like her own forthcoming Secret World Chronicles) can evolve into "a real, marketable project." She also says that "you would be surprised at how many professionals started out that way (and still do it!)" While that may be generally true, here at the OTW we're not so terribly surprised.

    * Techdirt has an article discussing the ways in which copyright law gets in the way of fan art. Among their good points: that trademark holders don't have to block all uses of the mark or risk losing it, and that more copyright holders should consider issuing free licenses to people who want to use their stuff.

    * Mikhail Koulikov of the Online Bibliography of Anime and Manga Research is going to work with the OTW's Vidding team to help us create an online bibliography for anime music videos, but fans interested in anime and manga more generally might want to poke around this fantastic fannish resource.

    * Henry Jenkins's blog is hosting a series of guest posts from the curators of the various parts of the 2010 DIY 24/7 video show. The first one, Activist Media (curated by Sasha Constanza-Chock) is up now, in three parts.

    * Lastly, the Archive of Our Own got a really nice shout out from the librarians, archivists, and crowdsourcing specialists at the Emerging Technologies Summer Institute: watch their run-through of the Archive's features below!

    We want your suggestions! If you know of an essay, video, article, event, or link you think we should know about you can submit it in three easy ways: comment on the most recent Link Roundup on LJ, IJ or DW, tag a link with "for:otw_news" on Delicious or give @OTW_News a shoutout on Twitter. Links are welcome in all languages!

  • Dutch fansites may be criminalised by users discussing movie and TV show downloads

    By .Helka Lantto on Wednesday, 3 November 2010 - 8:57pm
    Message type:

    Written by Tanaqui

    Dutch fansites may be criminalised if their users mention the existence of copyrighted material on the internet, even if they don't link directly to it, despite it not being illegal to download copyrighted content in the Netherlands for personal use.

    The development comes as part of a long-running battle between Dutch Usenet community FTD and Dutch anti-piracy organisation Bescherming Rechten Entertainment Industrie Nederland (BREIN).

    FTD, the largest Usenet community in the Netherlands, allows its 450,000 users to create “spots” or reports indicating the file names of uploads or the names of the Usenet groups or other sites where they can be found. In June, a Dutch court ruled that by allowing users to provide sufficient details about the existence of uploads of a movie to allow other users to find them, FTD was effectively publishing the movie as if it had actually hosted the movie on its own servers. Following this ruling, BREIN asked the court to impose a fine on FTD for every day it continues to operate.

    Earlier in 2010, BREIN declared FTD's operations "illegal", despite FTD having entered into discussions with BREIN over "spots" during 2009 and having co-operated in making some changes to its operations to ensure there was no doubt about their legality.

    In response, FTD has taken BREIN to court to clear its name and prevent the fines being enforced. FTD's case is that its users are merely pointing to content uploaded by others which, under Dutch law, they may legally download, and that directing users to online content is legal, even if the material was put there without permission of the copyright holders.

    In court, BREIN has argued that the users providing "spots" are the same ones uploading the content they are posting about. (Uploading copyrighted content is illegal in the Netherlands.) FTD strongly contests BREIN's claim and is now claiming in turn that it has identified undercover investigators hired by or directly employed by BREIN posing as FTD members who have uploaded content and posted "spots" in an attempt to provide proof for BREIN's claims and to discredit FTD.

    A ruling in the case, which could have widespread implications for Dutch providers of internet services and websites, is expected in November.

  • La opinión de la corte alemana refuerza la creciente diferencia entre la responsabilidad de los hospedadores webs norteamericanos y europeos.

    By .Helka Lantto on Wednesday, 27 October 2010 - 6:20pm
    Message type:

    Las cortes alemanas han indicado que podrían obligar a las empresas de hospedaje de vídeo como YouTube a buscar y eliminar de forma proactiva [NT: en inglés] videos de música que infrinjan los derechos de autor, en lugar de exigir a los titulares de derechos de autor y a los organismos de derechos de cobro que presenten avisos antes de que se eliminen los vídeos.

    Esto viene a sumarse a la condena, el febrero pasado, de tres ejecutivos de YouTube en Italia, donde la decisión del tribunal italiano incluyó una clara implicación de que todos los videos albergados en su sitio deben ser pre-seleccionados. [NT: en inglés]

    Aunque la agencia alemana de derechos de autor GEMA, perdió una solicitud de carácter urgente a finales de agosto de 2010, solicitando que el acceso a ciertos videos sea bloqueado, esto fue un pequeño consuelo para los sitios de hospedaje alemanes. El fallo se realizó sólo sobre la base de que una orden de emergencia en sí misma era inadecuada, siendo que GEMA sabía de hace mucho tiempo que los videos estaban disponibles en YouTube. El juez invitó a GEMA a solicitar una resolución en los procedimientos regulares, indicando que su reclamo en ese caso probablemente fuera exitoso. El ha sido publicado diciendo que "existen algunas buenas razones para pensar que YouTube tiene cierto deber de detectar las subidas de archivos ilegales".

    GEMA indicó [NT: en inglés] a principios de octubre del 2010 que tiene planes para presentar una nueva demanda.

    Según algunos observadores legales [NT: en inglés], el dictamen del tribunal alemán parece ser el último de varios [NT: en inglés] ejemplos [NT: en inglés] de una diferencia emergente entre la forma que una misma ley se interpreta en Europa y los EE.UU. [NT: en inglés], donde YouTube y otras empresas están cubiertas por el concepto "puerto seguro" de las disposiciones de la Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA). Sitios web de hospedaje basados en Europa parecen estar en mayor riesgo de ser considerados responsables por las acciones de los usuarios antes de recibir avisos de eliminación.

  • Urteilsbegründung eines deutschen Gerichts verstärkt Unterschiede in der Haftpflicht für Webhosts in den USA und Europa

    By .Helka Lantto on Wednesday, 27 October 2010 - 6:19pm
    Message type:

    Deutsche Gerichte haben angedeutet, dass sie in Zukunft gewerbliche Videoportale wie YouTube dazu zwingen werden, vorsorglich Musikvideos aufzuspüren und zu löschen, die gegen das Urheberrecht verstoßen, anstatt erst zu reagieren, wenn Rechteinhaber und -verwertungsgesellschaften formal Einspruch einlegen.

    Dieser Richterspruch folgt auf eine Verurteilung von drei YouTube-Managern im Februar dieses Jahres in Italien. Das Urteil des italienischen Gerichts impliziert deutlich, dass jedes gehostete Video vor der Veröffentlichung überprüft werden sollte.

    Obwohl die deutsche Rechteverwertungsgesellschaft GEMA mit ihrem Antrag auf eine einstweilige Verfügung Ende August 2010 gescheitert war, in dem sie die Löschung und Sperrung bestimmter Videos forderte, ist das nur ein schwacher Trost für deutsche Webhosts. Das Urteil kam nur dadurch zustande, dass das Gericht eine einstweilige Verfügung für unangebracht hielt, da die GEMA schon lange wusste, dass die Videos auf YouTube abrufbar waren. Der vorsitzende Richter forderte die GEMA dazu auf, den Anspruch in einem Hauptsacheverfahren geltend zu machen, und deutete an, dass der Erfolg in diesem Fall wahrscheinlich wäre. In der Pressemeldung des Landgerichts Hamburg steht, es "liege nahe, dass die Antragsgegnerin zumutbare Prüfungspflichten bzw. Maßnahmen zur Verhinderung erneuter Rechtsverletzungen nicht wahr- bzw. vorgenommen habe."

    Die GEMA gab Ende September 2010 bekannt, dass sie eine erneute Klage plane.

    Laut einigen Beobachtern [englisch] handelt es sich bei dem deutschen Urteil um das neueste Beispiel [englisch] einer ganzen Reihe von Urteilen, die deutlich machen, dass ähnliche Gesetze in den USA und Europa immer unterschiedlicher ausgelegt werden. In den USA fallen YouTube und andere Firmen unter die Klausel für "sichere Häfen" im Digital Millenium Copyright Act (DMCA). Für Webhosts in Europa dagegen ist das Risiko viel größer, für die Taten von NutzerInnen belangt zu werden, bevor überhaupt eine Abmahnung erteilt wird.

Pages

Subscribe to News of Note